Gasket



E. SUTCLIFFE 1,932,538

GASKET Oct. 31, 1933.

2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Oct. 51, 1930 E. A. SUTCLIFFE GASKET Filed Oct.:51, 1930 Oct. 31, 1933.

24,) gy/f ww DQ41- Patented Oct. 31, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT] oFFicGASKET Edwin A. Sutcliife, Oak Park, Ill., assignor to I H. VictorManufacturing & Gasket Company,

Chicago, 111., a corporation of Illinois Application October 31, 1930.SerialNo. 492,455

7 Claims. (01. 288-1)' 1 M This invention relates'to gaskets and whileit is especially adapted for cylinder head and manifold gaskets ofinternal combustion engines it can be embodied in and adapted forgaskets of other 5 kinds and used with corresponding results.

The primary object of the invention is to providea gasket which will besubjected to an excess of pressure at the marginal edges of the portopenings so that it will be closely compacted under pressure sufiicientto seal the joint and form a tight joint which will withstand theconditions to which gaskets are ordinarily subjected in use.

Another object of the invention is to reenforce and strengthen a gasketabout the marginal edges of the port openings so as to resist the heat,pressure and other conditions to which gaskets are subjected in actualuse and provide a long-lived tight-sealing gasket.

And a further object of the invention is to enlarge the cross section ofa gasket at the marginal edges of the port openings to provide a seatabout the port'openings of greater thickness than the remaining parts ofthe gasket and which will thereby compress more compactly than otherparts of the gasket under the pressure required to seal and form a tightseal of long-wearing quality. 7

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated the invention inselected embodiments and referring thereto,

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a cylinder head gasket broken away to disclosethe construction thereof.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on the line 22 of Fig. l. r

Fig. 2a is a detail sectional view.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary perspective view showing the pad 10 on theasbestos layer 3. Fig. 4 is a plan view of another type of cylinder headgasket.

40 Figs. 5 to 11 inclusive are detail sectional views showing diiferentembodiments of the invention.

Fig. 12 is a plan view of a manifold gasket.

Referring first to Figs. 1-3 of the drawings, the gasket comprises metalouter layers 1, 2 and an interposed layer 3 of asbestos composition orother suitable gasket material. These layers are provided withcoincident combustion port openings 4 and water port openings 5 andordinary bolt holes 6. The metal layers 1 and 2 are interengaged at theport openings to protect the edges of these openings, and thisinterengagement may 4 be eifected in any suitable manner. 'I haveshownthe layer 2 provided with flanges which are projected through the portopenings to form walls 7 therefor and lapped at 8 upon the marginaledges 9 of the other layer 1. Or I may provide the port openings with aunited flange or with single flanges as shown, for example, in Patents1,472,133, October 30, 1923, and 1,692,857, November 27, 1928, and I mayprovide the walls of some or all of the port openings with reenforceflanges according to Patent 1,748,582, February 25, 1930.

It has been the general practice heretofore to make gaskets of asubstantially uniform thickness throughout except that in some cases theflange overlap has provided greater thickness. My invention may beembodied in gaskets with or without this flange overlap enlargement andit has to do primarily with the gasket material intermediate layerbetween the outer metal layers.

My invention has for its object to provide a seat for the gasket aroundsome or all of the port openings of a substantial width and thickness sothat when parts are tightened upon the gasket to seal a joint themarginal edges of the gasket about 7 the port openings will be morecompressed than other parts of the gasket and will thereby provide astrong and substantial gasket structure about these port openings whichwill effectually resist theheat, pressure and other conditions to whichgaskets are subjected in service. To this end I make the heat-resistingintermediate layer of the gasket, which layer may be of any suitablegasket material, thicker at the marginal edges of the port openings thanelsewhere so that the pressure required in making the joint willcompress the thickened portions of the gasket to a greater extent thanthe other portions, thereby providing compacted, hard marginal edgesabout the port openings which will form a tight seal and resist v thedestructive conditions to which gaskets are subjected in service. I may,produce this thickened margin by providing a skeleton pad 10 in a singlepiece, or in as many pieces as may be found convenient in manufacture,and one of the metal 9 layers, such as 2, may be provided with a recessor recesses 11 to receive the pad. The recesses will be formed in thelayer about the openings which are to be protected, such as thecombustion chamber openings 4 and the water ,circulation'lflopenings 5,and they are preferably of a size in which the pad will fitcomparatively close. Each recess constitutes a guide for the pad toretain the pad in place while the other parts of the Fig. 10.

; other conditions of use.

therewith, against engine pressures in the port openings to avoidblow-outs in the gasket. The edges of the pad are preferably rounded toconform with the rounded walls 7 about the port openings and with theshoulders 13. The pad may be made of the same material as the layer 3,or of a different material; it may be made in one piece or in section;and it maybe fastened to the layer 3 by adhesive or otherwise or it maybe free from the layer except as it is held in contact therewith by themetal layers and by pressure in actual use.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a circular type of cylinder head gasket 14 havinga cylinder port opening 15 and water circulation openings 16. Thisgasket has the same elements of construction as the gasket of Fig. l,with a pad 17 about the marginal edges of the port openings. 1

The pad may be variously constructed and I have shown some differentforms thereof in Figs. 5 to .11. The inner edge of the pad about theport openings-may be rolled or-otherwise compressed as indicated at 18,Fig. 5, to insure a rounded edgein the completed .gasket and to produceasmooth shoulder 13 on themetal layer adjacent thereto. I may alsoprovide the layer 2 with a rib 19, Fig. 6, to form an abutment for theinner edge of the pad. Instead of making the bottom layer 2 conform withthe filler and padas in Figs. 2 and5, Imay make itfiat as shown at 20 inFig. 7, to be conformed with the filler and pad under the pressureemployed in sealing the joint. In Figs. 8, 9 and 10-I have shown formscorresponding substantially with Figs. 5, 6 and 7 except that the portopenings in the heat-resisting intermediate layer 22 are made larger andthe pad 23 is made thicker to complete the intermediate layer. 1 Insteadof putting the pad 10 on the under side of the layer 3 as shown anddescribed, I may reverse the position of the pad and put it on the upperside of the layer 3 as willbe readily understood; and instead ofarranging the pad'23 to form a projection on the bottom of the gasket asshown in Figs. 8 and 9, I may arrange it :to form a projection on thetopof the gasket as shown in I have shownthe pad loas embedded in thelayer 3 in Figs. 2, 5, 6 and-7 andthisinvolves some compression of thatpart i of the layer 3 engaged by the pad, but itis not necessary toembed th padin the layer3 asshown at 10, Fig. 2a. The layer 3 ofheat-resisting material will ordinarily be made of millboard. Theintermediate or' filler layer maybe made thiekerxat the marginal edgesabout the port openings, as shown at 25 in Fig. 11, by compressingthe-layer except at said marginal edges.

' In. Fig. 12 I have shown amanifold gasket 2'7 provided with a skeletonpad 28 about the ma.- ginal edges of the port openings 29 or otherwisemade in accordance with my inventioniashereinbefore described.

;where and this reenforces andstrengthens-the gasket toprotect itagainst engine pressuresand With my invention the tension of the jointbolts isapp'liedprincipally to the marginal edges of the gasket: aboutthe port openings instead of being more or less uniformly distributedover theentire gasket-and this enables a tight seal to be obtained withless strain onthe bolts and also takes'careof. any unevenness in thefaces of the joint. The marginal edges-of the :in-

skeleton formation.

.and a padof material similar to that-of thegasket material layerinterposedbetween said gasket ma- :prising a metal layer and .a -flangeextending through said opening, a layer of gasket material .materiallayer.

pressures and other conditions of use.

While I have shown and described the invention in a number of differentforms and applied to several different type of gaskets, I do not intendto limit the invention thereto but have referred to themasillustrativeof the invention; and I reserve the right to make anychanges in the form, construction and arrangement of parts as may benecessary or desirable to adapt the invention to other gaskets or forother purposes.

21 claim:

1. A gasket comprising a layer of gasket material and having an openingtherein, and a pad on the marginal edge of said layer about said openingand embedded in said layer and providing a portion of greater thicknessthan the other portions andhaying'a plurality of openings therein, andzaplurality-of .pads at the marginal edges of thelayer about saidopenings, said pads being connected 1111100 .3. A'gasketzcomprising aninner layer of gasket material and an outer metal layer on :one sidethereof, saidqgasket having an opening. therein,

terial layenandthe metal layer at the marginal edgeof thegasket. aboutsaid'openingand cooperatingiwith said-gasket material. layer to;vprovide a portion-about said opening of greater thickness than. the;other portions of said gasket material layer. V l

4. A gasket having an opening therein and comprising a; layer ,of-gasketmaterial anda metal layer on one side thereof,; said metal layer havinga recess at the marginal edge of the gasket about .saidopening, and a:pad of gasket materialseated in said recess. I -5; Agasket having anopening therein and comon said metal layer, and a pad of gasket materialarranged upon said metal layer and -embedded in ;said layer of gasketmaterial adjacent said flange and cooperating with said gasket-materiallayer 'to'provide a portion-about said opening of greater thicknessthanthe other portions of saidgasket 6. A gasket having an openingtherein and-comprising a rnetalv layer and .a flange extending 13through said-openin ,.a rib-on saidlmetal layerinwardly of said flange,-alayer of gasket material =on.said metallayer, and a pad of gasketmaterial embedded in said layer of gasket material.-ar-

ranged-between said flange and saidvrib and coe35 operating with saidgasket material layer -to -provide aportionabout,saidopening of greaterthick- ;-ness than the. othergporticns. of. said;- gasket 'materiallayer.

"said pads;benig connected, in skeleton. formation.

EDWIN A. SUTGLIFFE.

